@article{41742,
      author = {Muyldermans, Jeroen.,},
      url = {http://tind.wipo.int/record/41742},
      title = {Likelihood of Confusion in Trade Mark Law : A Practical  Guide to the Case Law of EU Courts /},
      abstract = {Likelihood of Confusion in Trade Mark Law provides a  complete overview of the case law of the General Court and  Court of Justice of the European Union on the risk of  confusion in trade mark law. The primary purpose of trade  mark law is to prevent unfair competition by applying tests  for infringement of the trade mark and by providing rights  and remedies to the owner of the trade mark. However, since  1994, European Union (EU) case law on trade mark confusion  has become so diverse and has grown so much that it is  difficult to see the wood for the trees. This is the first  book to give a complete synthesis of the more than  thousands of decisions that have been handed down over the  past decades, illustrated with many examples and images.   What’s in this book:  Providing a highly structured and  complete overview of the confusion test and all assessment  criteria as determined by the General Court and Court of  Justice, the authors unravel the concept of likelihood of  confusion and establish a sound and thorough methodology  for resolving confusion in any trade mark case. Among the  practical features offered by the analysis are the  following:  consideration of the constituent criteria of  the confusion test through a simple three-step test that  examines the similarity among goods and services,  similarity between different trade marks and global  appreciation of confusion; the identification of the  ‘relevant consumer’, including from territorial and  linguistic points of view; guidance on procedural aspects  of the confusion test before the EU courts, as well as  before the EU Intellectual Property Office and its Boards  of Appeal; identification of the dominant and distinctive  components of a trade mark: phonetic, visual and  conceptual; the concept of similarity and the Nice  Agreement; the principle of ‘partial use’; effect of  the terms of sale of the goods or services; consideration  of the existence of a family or series of trade marks; and  consideration of the effects of coexistence on the  confusion test. Numerous illustrated examples of trade  marks involved in confusion cases enhance the  presentation.},
      recid = {41742},
      pages = {xii, 262 pages},
}