1. Pharmaceutical innovation, incremental patenting and compulsory licensing; 2. Health policies, intellectual property and innovation in Argentina; 3. Health, intellectual property and innovation policy: a case study of Brazil; 4. Country case study - Colombia; 5. Pharmaceutical industry, the health system and intellectual property policy in India; 6. Country case study: South Africa; 7. Promoting local pharmaceutical capacity in developing countries: a discussion on inventive step and compulsory licensing; 8. Strengthening patent standards: an alternative route to compulsory licensing for low and Middle income countries.