Contents : 1. Summary, policy issues, and options for congressional action; 2. Introduction and overview; 3. Intellectual property; 4. Patenting of micro-organisms and cells; 5. Intellectual property and plants; 6. Patenting of animals : scientific and regulatory considerations; 7. Patenting of animals : economic considerations; 8. Patenting of animals : ethical considerations; 9. Deposit considerations; 10. International protection for micro-organisms, plants and animals; Appendix : A. Selected sections, 35 United States Code, patents; B. Patents : questions and answers; C. Proposed rules on deposit; D. Participants, OTA workshop on federal regulation and animal patents; E. List of contractor documents; F. Acknowledgments; G. List of acronyms and glossary of terms;.